Karandikars & Associates

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Renewable Round-the-Clock (RE-RTC) Power Cost – Demonstration Model

Demonstration disclosure:
This interactive model is provided for illustrative purposes only.

Many global energy and climate expert agencies increasingly emphasise “electrify everything” as a central pillar of long-term decarbonisation pathways.

In its strictest interpretation, round-the-clock power implies continuous availability for all 8,760 hours of a non-leap year.

This demonstration model evaluates RE-RTC costs using optimisation-based techniques, with solar photovoltaic, onshore wind, and battery storage capacities determined endogenously by the model.


Scope and use of the demonstration model

RE-RTC system design is highly end-use specific and strongly dependent on location-specific solar and wind generation profiles. A comprehensive assessment therefore requires consideration of a wide range of technical, operational, and commercial factors, which is beyond the scope of this demonstration model

Accordingly, this demo is intended primarily to explore cost sensitivities around key high-level parameters, including unit solar and wind power costs, battery installed cost, minimum hourly guaranteed power requirement, and the capital recovery factor. The analysis is carried out for a reference RE-RTC requirement of 1 GW (1,000 MW). To maintain transparency and conservatism, the model assigns zero revenue to excess solar and wind generation

Karandikars & Associates’ commercial RE-RTC assessment framework incorporates substantially greater detail, including hourly realisable revenues for excess generation based on proprietary analysis of power exchange prices, location-specific renewable profiles, and additional technical and commercial constraints relevant to project-level decision-making

User Inputs

  1. This input is unit solar power cost in Rs/Kwh


  2. This input is unit onshore wind power cost in Rs/Kwh


  3. This input is unit battery capital cost in USD/KWh


  4. This input is unit battery O&M Cost (% of capital cost per year)


  5. This input is Rupee to US Dollar Exchange Rate


  6. This input is Battery Round-Trip Efficiency or RTE (%)


  7. This input is Battery Depth of Discharge or DOD (%)


  8. This input is Minimum Hourly Supply Requirement (% of demand)


  9. This input is Capital Recovery Factor or CRF (%)


  10. (Deep dive: Capital Recovery Factor)

Note: On submission, a backend optimisation routine is executed and may take approximately 10–15 seconds depending on system load.